Guhindura LN₂: Sisitemu zikingira umwuka zikoresheje icyuma gishyushya amazi kugira ngo habeho azote y'amazi isukuye cyane

Uburyo bwo kohereza azote y'amazi bwitezweho gukora ikintu kimwe neza cyane: kugumisha LN₂ ikonje kandi ihamye kuva mu bubiko kugeza aho ikoreshwa. Mu nganda nyazo, cyane cyane ikoreshwa rya gaze ya semiconductor na gaze ifite isuku nyinshi, ndetse n'ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutera umwuka uhindagurika, kudahindagurika k'umuvuduko, cyangwa imiterere y'amazi idahindagurika.

At HL Cryogenics, dushushanyaumuyoboro ushyushya ukoresheje icyuma gifunga umwukanaumuyoboro woroshyesisitemu zigenewe cyane cyane iyohereza LN₂ intera ndende hamwe n'igihombo gito cy'ubushyuhe. Mu guhuza ubwishingizi bw'umwuka uva mu cyuma gishyuha,valve zishyushya ubushyuhe, naikoranabuhanga ryo gutandukanya icyiciro, sisitemu zacu zishobora gukomeza gutanga amazi mu buryo buhamye mu buryo bumwe mu buryo buhamye mu miyoboro ikomeye yo gukwirakwiza amazi aturuka ku ruhu.

Impamvu Gukingira Umubiri mu Cyumba Gito Bifite Ishingiro mu Gutwara LN₂

Azote y'amazi ikora kuri -196 °C. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 25 °C, itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro rishobora kurenga 200 °C. Iyo hatabayeho ubushyuhe buhagije, ubushyuhe bwinjira vuba mu buryo binyuze mu gukwirakwiza amazi, gukwirakwiza amazi mu kirere, n'imirasire, bigatanga umwuka utemba n'amazi adahindagurika mu bice bibiri.

Ibyacuumuyoboro ushyushya ukoresheje icyuma gifunga umwukaSisitemu zikoresha icyuma gikozwe mu nkuta ebyiri gifite umwanya munini w’ubusamo ukunze kuba munsi ya 1 × 10⁻⁵ mbar. Muri iki gihe, gukwirakwiza imyuka no gukwirakwiza umwuka birabura. Ubwishingizi bw’ibice byinshi (MLI) burushaho kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’imirasire binyuze mu kugaragaza ingufu za infrared kure y’umuyoboro w’imbere ukonje.

Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gukingira ifuro, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, bigatuma LN₂ ishobora kwimurwa mu metero amagana mu gihe igumana imiterere y'amazi n'umuvuduko uhoraho.

Sisitemu yo gupompa ikoresha umwuka ushyushyekugira ngo habeho ihame ry'igihe kirekire

Kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaragara mu bijyanye no gukingira umwuka ni ukwangirika buhoro buhoro k’umwuka uva mu cyuma gifunganye uko igihe kigenda gihita. Imyuka isigaye iva mu byuma bitagira umugese, ibikoresho bikingira umwuka, ndetse n’imyuka mito isohoka buhoro buhoro byongera umuvuduko w’umwuka, bigagabanya imikorere y’ubushyuhe.

Kugira ngo tubikemure,HL CryogenicsihuzaSisitemu yo gupompa ikoresha umwuka ushyushyemu muyoboro wo kohereza. Sisitemu ihora cyangwa rimwe na rimwe ikuramo umwanya w’ingufu kugira ngo igumane imiterere ihamye y’ingufu mu gihe cyose cy’akazi.

Muri rusange, module y'ibikoresho byo gusohora umwuka ikubiyemo:

• Pompe z'umwuka woroshye cyangwa turbomolecular vacuum
• Ibipimo byo kugenzura imashini ikoresha umwuka
• Ibice byo gushyiramo ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe mu buryo bwa molekile
• Ingufu zo kwitandukanya n'izidasubiza

Ubu buryo bwo kubungabunga imashini ikoresha umwuka uvamo umwuka butuma imikorere yayo ihora ihindagurika mu myaka myinshi ikora kandi ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda zikoresha umwuka uvamo umwuka aho ubushyuhe bwa LN₂ bugira ingaruka ku buryo imashini isubiramo.

Gutanga serivisi mu cyiciro kimwe bihamye hamweValves zirinda ubushyuhe mu cyumanaIbitandukanya Icyiciro

Mu buryo bwo kohereza amazi mu buryo bwa cryogenic, kubungabunga urujya n'uruza rw'amazi mu gice kimwe ni ingenzi cyane. Imifuka y'umwuka mu muyoboro ishobora gutuma urujya n'uruza rudahindagurika, gucikamo ibice, guhinduka k'umuvuduko w'amazi, no kugabanuka k'ubwizigirwa bw'imikorere.

Ibyacuvalve zishyushya ubushyuhebyakozwe n'udupfundikizo twagutse dufite ikoti ry'ubushyuhe kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe bw'aho bugera hafi y'umubiri w'agapfundikizo. Udupfundikizo tw'igitereko dushyirwa hanze y'agace karimo ubukonje kugira ngo hirindwe ubukonje kandi bikore neza mu gihe cyo gusiganwa inshuro nyinshi.

Munsi y'uruzi,ibikoresho byo gutandukanya ibice bishyushya ibyuma bivamo umwukaKuraho umwuka wavuye mu kirere mu gihe cyo kwimura. LN₂ yinjira mu gikoresho cyo gutandukanya umwuka, bigatuma gazi n'amazi bitandukanye neza mbere yuko amazi akomeza kugenda.

Ubu buryo bufasha mu kubungabunga umuvuduko uhoraho kandi butuma ibikoresho biri munsi y'amazi bibona azote isukuye kandi ikonjeshejwe.

Guhuza Tank ntoya ku miyoboro ya LN₂ ikwirakwizwa

Ku nyubako zifite serivisi zihindagurika cyangwa ahantu henshi ho gukoreshwa, uburyo bwo guhuza imikorere hagati bushobora kunoza cyane uburyo sisitemu ihamye.

IbyacuUrukurikirane rw'ibigega bito by'amazi, kuva kuri litiro 100 kugeza kuri litiro 3000, itanga ububiko bwa LN₂ hafi y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya. Buri tanki rikoresha uburyo bwo gukingira umwuka n'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "vacuum proof" bike kugira ngo bigabanye imbaraga zo kwishyira hamwe no gutakaza ubushyuhe.

Mu mikorere ifatika, Mini Tanks zifasha:

• Kuramo ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko
• Gukemura ibihe byo gukoresha amafaranga menshi cyane
• Gabanya umutwaro kuri sisitemu nkuru y'ibicuruzwa
• Kunoza ubwisanzure hafi y'ibikoresho byoroshye

Iyi miterere ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, muri laboratwari, no mu nganda zikwirakwiza gaze.

Imikorere ya sisitemu n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubuhanga

IgisanzweHL CryogenicsSisitemu yo kohereza LN₂ ikora hagati ya bar 3 na 10, umuvuduko w'amazi ugera kuri m8/s.

Ikomeyeumuyoboro ushyushya ukoresheje icyuma gifunga umwukaubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu kwiruka ndende ugororotse, mu giheikoreshwa mu gufunga ibyuma bivamo umwuka, byoroshye gukoresha mu gufunga ibyumaIbice by'imiyoboro bishyirwa ahantu hahurira ibikoresho, aho ibikoresho bishyirwa, cyangwa ahantu hasaba kwishyurwa uburyo bwo kugenda.

Mu gihe cy’imikorere ihamye, ubushyuhe bushobora kugabanuka bukagera kuri 0.25–0.5 W/m bitewe n’imiterere y’umurongo. Mu mishinga myinshi, ibi bituma azote y’amazi igenda metero amagana ntarengwa ikoreshwa mu gusohora umwuka.

Ibice by'imiyoboro yoroshye bikoresha ibice by'imbere by'icyuma kitagira umugese bya 316L bivanze n'imigozi yo gushimangira inyuma kugira ngo birwanye umuvuduko kandi birambe igihe kirekire.

Porogaramu ya Semiconductor Fab muri Aziya y'Iburasirazuba

Uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor muri Tayiwani rwavuguruye sisitemu yarwo isanzwe yo gukwirakwiza LN₂ nyuma yo guhura n’ikibazo cyo kudahuza neza kw’umwuka mu miyoboro ikoresha ikoranabuhanga.

HL Cryogenicsyatanze igisubizo cy’uburyo bwo kohereza ibintu buvanze kigizwe na:

• Umuyoboro ushyushya ukoresheje icyuma gikonjeshaku muhanda munini wo gukwirakwiza
• Umuyoboro woroshye woroshye ukoresha icyuma gishyushyaahantu hahurira ibikoresho
• Ihuriweho mu buryo buhuriwehogupompa umwuka uvamo umwuka udasanzwe
• Ibitandukanya ibice bishyushya ibyuma bivamo umwukakuri buri gice cy'umusaruro

Nyuma yo gushyiraho, ubushyuhe bwapimwe bwahagaze ku gipimo cya 0.27 W/m, kandi ikigo cyakuyeho ihagarara ry’umusaruro uterwa na LN₂ mu gihe cy’imikorere idahwema.

Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko n'ikoreshwa ry'isi yose

HL Cryogenicssisitemu zakozwe hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga y’ingenzi ajyanye n’ubushyuhe bw’amashanyarazi, harimo:

• ASME B31.3
• EN 13480
• ISO 21013
• BS 6364

Sisitemu zacu zo kohereza ibikoresho bikingira umwuka zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa "vacuum proof" ubu zikoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo:

• Gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor
• Gukwirakwiza gaze mu nganda
• Sisitemu zo gukonjesha ibiryo
• Ibikorwa remezo bya LNG
• Imishinga y'igerageza rya hydrogène
• Imiyoboro ya laboratwari ikora ku buryo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu maraso

Amahame amwe yo gukingira umwuka akoreshwa kuri LN₂ ashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu bijyanye na ogisijeni y'amazi, argon y'amazi, LNG, na hydrogen y'amazi.

Fatanya naHL Cryogenics

Kohereza LN₂ mu buryo bwizewe bisaba ibirenze kongeramo ubushyuhe ku muyoboro gusa. Kugira ubushyuhe burambye biterwa n'ubuziranenge bw'ingufu zikomoka ku ruhu, kugenzura icyiciro, imiterere ikwiye ya sisitemu, n'ubuhanga bwihariye bwo gushyushya.

At HL Cryogenics, dutanga ibisubizo byuzuye byo kohereza ibikoresho birimo imiyoboro ishyushya ibikoresho, imiyoboro ishyushya ibikoresho, valve, ibice bitandukanya ibikoresho, na Mini Tanks byagenewe gukora neza mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi.

Niba uteganya uburyo bushya bwo gukwirakwiza LN₂ cyangwa kuvugurura sisitemu isanzweho yo gukwirakwiza amazi, itsinda ryacu ry’abahanga rishobora gutanga isesengura ry’ubushyuhe buva mu mazi n’inama zijyanye na sisitemu yawe.